β2 Glycoprotein I (Apolipoprotein H)/β2糖蛋白Ⅰ（载脂蛋白H）

ß2 Glycoprotein I (Apolipoprotein H)

Diseases：
Anti-Phospholipid Syndrome / Thromboembolic Syndrome 

ß2 glycoprotein I (ß2 GP I) is a serum protein with a single polypeptide chain consisting of 326 amino acids and having a molecular weight of 50 kDa. The protein is also known by the alternative name Apolipoprotein H (ApoH) which gives an indication of its phospholipid binding function.

Since the detection of ß2 glycoprotein I as a target of antiphospholipid antibodies in 1990 the discussion about the clinical relevance of  β2 GP I has been controversial. It is well established that anticardiolipin antibodies are a very heterogeneous group and that ß2 GP I is only one of several potential targets for anticardiolipin antibodies. Nevertheless it is generally accepted that the binding of ß2 GP I to anionic lipids or surface is essential for the differential detection of anticardiolipin antibodies associated with autoimmune diseases (versus those associated with infectious diseases like syphilis, tuberculosis, AIDS etc).

The close relationship of ß2 GP I antibodies and cardiolipin antibodies may indicate that the ß2 GP I isotypes have the same clinical relevance as the cardiolipin isotypes, where IgM, IgG and IgA autoantibodies have been observed and are routinely determined diagnostic targets.

ß2 GP I antibodies and anticardiolipin antibodies can be detected in patients with arterial and venous thrombosis, recurrent fetal loss, thrombosis and SLE. The titers of anticardiolipin and anti-ß2 GP I antibodies usually fluctuate sufficiently that they cannot be used for disease monitoring.

In a recent development, the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) – the so-called Sapporo criteria – have been revised to include the determination of anti-ß2-glycoprotein I autoantibodies, thereby confirming the clinical relevance of this diagnostic parameter (follow this link for a more detailed news article).

Full-length ß2 glycoprotein I/apolipoprotein H from DIARECT is produced in the baculovirus expression system.

相关疾病：抗磷脂综合征/血栓栓塞综合征β2-糖蛋白1（β2-GP1）是一个血清蛋白含有一条326个氨基酸的多肽链，分子量为50kDa。这个蛋白也被称作载脂蛋白H（ApoH），具有磷脂结合功能。自从1990年将β2-糖蛋白1的检测作为抗磷脂抗体的靶标起，关于β2-GP1临床相关性的讨论就没有停止过。抗心肌磷脂抗体是一个非常杂的群体，并且β2-GP1仅是抗心肌磷脂抗体若干潜在靶标之一。然而β2-GP1与阴离子脂质或表面的结合对于自免疾病相关抗心肌磷脂抗体的示差检测是非常关键的（对于如梅毒、结核病、AIDS等感染性疾病相关的靶点）。β2-GP1与心肌磷脂抗体之间的紧密联系可能预示β2-GP1同型与心肌磷脂同型有一些临床相关性，临床上已经可以检测到IgM，IgG，IgA自身抗体，并将其作为常规检测的特征性靶标。β2-GP1抗体和抗心肌磷脂抗体可以在动脉和静脉血栓形成、再发性流产，血栓形成和SLE病人中检测到。抗心肌磷脂抗体和抗β2-GP1抗体的滴定度通常起伏很大，所以不能用于疾病监测。明确的抗磷脂综合症（APS）的分类标准，也叫Sapporo标准，最近修订了内容，涵盖了抗β2-GP1自身抗体的检测，所以确认了这个诊断参数的临床相关性。DIARECT生产的全长β2-糖蛋白1/载脂蛋白H是在杆状病毒表达系统中表达的。